Somebody who reads it has to read it

A proof sheet. Typewritten body copy with three words underlined in red and corrected in the margin. At the bottom, four boxes: CHECKED, REVERSED, WRONG READING, NOT VERIFIED. The third one is circled, with a query mark beside it.

That's the whole subject. There isn't a single Japanese character on it, deliberately.

What actually goes wrong?

Four things, and they're different problems.

Wrong meaning. The character means something adjacent to what was wanted, or something the wearer would be embarrassed by. Dictionaries give a word; they don't give the register or the connotation.

Reversed or rotated. A character placed by somebody working from a picture rather than reading it. Mirrored artwork, a rotated glyph, a stroke going the wrong way.

Wrong reading. Japanese characters have multiple readings depending on context, and picking the name-reading when you wanted the word-reading produces something that is technically the same character and says something else.

Malformed. Strokes in the wrong order or the wrong shape, so it reads as a character-like drawing rather than a character. This is the one image models produce constantly.

Why can't the wearer see any of it?

Because three of those four are invisible without the language.

Wrong meaning, wrong reading and malformed strokes all look completely fine to somebody who doesn't read Japanese — the design is balanced, the marks are elegant, nothing is obviously broken. Only reversal is catchable by eye, and only sometimes.

Which is the actual problem here: this is a failure mode with no feedback. The wearer finds out from a stranger, eventually, in a queue.

What does an image model do with characters?

It draws letterforms rather than writing words.

An image model produces marks that have the texture of writing — correct stroke weight, plausible density, the right visual rhythm — without any of it being language. The same thing happens in English, where the result is obvious nonsense and everyone laughs. In a script you can't read, it looks like writing.

That asymmetry is the whole risk. The less you can read a script, the more convincing the model's version of it looks to you.

So what's the fix?

One person, five minutes.

Somebody who reads Japanese looks at the artwork and says yes or no. That's the entire process. Not a translation service, not a font check, not a dictionary — a reader, looking at the final image, before it's printed.

Everything else in this article is a description of what happens when that step is skipped.

Is it disrespectful to use kanji at all?

No, and treating it as forbidden is its own kind of condescension.

Japanese script is used decoratively in Japan constantly, borrowed scripts appear on clothing everywhere in the world, and the language isn't fragile. What's disrespectful is the carelessness — printing something you can't read, at chest size, because it looks good, and being unable to answer when asked what it says.

Which is the same standard we apply to any borrowed script and to martial arts apparel, where the failure is well documented.

What if I want the look without the risk?

The whole of the rest of this section exists for that.

Japanese design is enormous and most of it isn't script. Stencil patterns, family crests, bathhouse murals, woodblock scenes, folk objects — all carry the visual language with no writing at all.

And when text genuinely belongs, Latin is often the authentic choice: station name boards carry romanised capitals as a matter of national standard, not as a compromise.

Does the proof sheet work as a design?

It's the one honest way to illustrate this.

A shirt about garbled characters cannot show garbled characters — that would be committing the error while describing it. A proof sheet with its corrections marked shows the process instead: somebody read this, found three things, and marked them in red.

Which is also just a good graphic. Registration crosses, typewriter body copy and red proofreader's marks are a strong two-colour print.

How do I get one made?

Describe it at JustOG — what the sheet says, what got marked, and what the boxes are for. Pick a direction, drag the crop frame, see it composited on the real garment, and it's made to order and shipped.

Designs other people have published are in the shop.

The box that matters is the last one, and only one person can tick it.